The Applied Ergogenics blog is a collection of old school articles written and published by Jerry Brainum over the past 40 years. These articles have appeared in Muscle and Fitness, Flex, Ironman, Muscular Developement, and other magazines. For Jerry’s recent articles, which are far more in depth than anything that appears on this blog site, please subscribe to his Applied Metabolics Newsletter, at www.appliedmetabolics.com.
Sunday, August 30, 2015
Friday, August 28, 2015
Truth and Lies About Fat Loss Supplements with Jerry Brainum, Inverviewed by Jay Campbell
FabFitOver40’s Interview with The Muscle Guru Jerry Brainum
Health
expert Jerry Brainum (www.jerrybrainum.com) will speak about his
findings during his 53 years of experience in the bodybuilding and
fitness world. Don't miss this opportunity to ask him…
If you’ve ever read a bodybuilding or fitness magazine in the last 40 years, you’ve read an article written by Jerry Brainum.
Jerry has been an authoritative, scientific and research based writer for decades.]
His ideas were pushing the envelope of performance improvement well before the internet, youtube and bro-science came to be.
It is with great honor, we publish this interview about his life inside the fitness industry.
Please watch Jerry with Nelson Vergel and Jay on The Real Truth Men’s Health Webcast on Monday August 31st at 4PM PST.
1. Can
you give us a brief background about yourself (where you were born, how
it was like growing up, education, where you lived, etc.)?
A:
I was born in Brooklyn, NY, I had a normal childhood with the exception
that I began lifting weights at age 12. I attended Cal State, Long
Beach, majoring in premedical studies, although I never went to medical
school, which I partially regret (less so with each passing year!). I
moved to Los Angeles on August 21, 1968 and have been here ever since.
2) 2. As a Man whose name is synonymous with Bodybuilding, Performance Enhancement, Physique Culture and Muscle Magazines, you
have had an amazing existence over the last 50+ years. How did
everything get started for you as a writer and what really prompted your
decision to follow these paths?
A:
I was always a voracious reader, and have loved reading all of my life,
starting at age 4.I wrote my first book, about the American presidents,
when I was eight. It was handwritten on art paper. Wish I had kept it. I
was reading post-grad history texts in junior high school, and wrote
several essays about novels that were posted in the school hallway. So
you can say that I’ve been writing most of my life. I wrote some courses
for a few bodybuilding champs in the 70s, then started writing for
Weider in 1982. I’ve been writing professionally ever since.To be
honest, however, while I enjoy the process of writing itself, I detest
the business end. I’ve been treated poorly in terms of payment and in
other ways from the start. This isn’t exclusive to me, most writers
experience the same lack of respect. Unless you’re someone like Stephen
King, it’s a very tough and nasty business. But it’s what I do.
3)
Can you tell us more about your current writing and business life? How
do you see it evolving over the next 5-10 years? Talk about how your
experience as a global authority on human performance improvement
impacts your daily life now?
A:
I stopped writing for all magazines about a year and half ago. The
magazine business has degenerated to the point where you cannot make
even close to a living from it. Many magazines now pay nothing to
writers. My feeling about this is that if a magazine cannot pay a writer
a reasonable, livable wage, they should not be in business. After all,
what is a magazine without writers? Yet they continue, using people who
think they are writers, but are not. No real writer would ever work for
free, since that would mean they don’t think their work is worth
anything.
These says, I write and publish my own digital newsletter, Applied Metabolics.
I call it a “newsletter,” but in reality, at an average 40 to 50 pages
per month, it’s more of a monthly e-book. I cover nutrition, exercise
science, ergogenic aids, supplements, anti-aging research, hormonal
therapy, fat-loss techniques and other topics. It’s all evidence-based
and non-commercial. I don’t push any products, and I’m not associated
with any companies, so I can tell the whole truth in all that I write.
The
main feature of Applied Metabolics is my 53 years of study and
experience, which cannot be matched by anyone I know of. I impart much
of what I’ve learned to readers of Applied Metabolics in an effort to
save them time and money. I started the newsletter because of the sorry
state of most Internet sites and magazines, which are loaded with
misinformation and lies. I hope the newsletter continues to grow. I work
hard to provide the most useful and practical material I can find. I
used to work with elite athletes as a nutrition adviser. I was boxer
Oscar de La Hoya’s adviser in this regard for 12 of his fights, and none
of the athletes I’ve worked with have ever lost a competition.
4. As
an individual who has long lived a long time healthy and fit lifestyle,
we’re curious, what does your daily diet look like now? Do you still
train?
A:
I try to limit carbohydrate intake, and follow a moderate protein and
fat diet. I do like pizza, and eat it about once a week, but only a
small amount. If I could, I would be a vegan, not for any health reason,
but for ethical reasons, as I love all animals and I am an animal
advocate. My two best friends are Bruno and Chip, both canine rescues. I
still train, 3 days on, one off, and try to do some aerobics, most
intervals, about 4 days a week. My workouts last about an hour and focus
more on intensity rather than volume. I also like to train at a fast
pace, and would never even consider bringing a cell phone into the gym. I
think that those who do are not serious, and are mostly wasting their
time.
5. What
are your mandatory supplements aging people interested in improving
their health and fitness should be taking? Feel free to elaborate and go
meta here.
A:
For those that don’t eat fish at least twice weekly, a fish oil
supplement. Vitamin-mineral, Vitamins D, C, E, multi-minerals. For those
who train, creatine and whey isolate. There are many others that I use
as “smart nutrients,” but I wouldn’t consider that mandatory for others.
Magnesium is also vital, and most people are lacking in it. I just
posted a study on Facebook that found a certain form of magnesium can
help prevent the changes that result in Alzheimer’s disease.
6) Talk about your Family? Feel free to write about current friends, past wives, children etc.
A:
Sadly, my parents are both dead, and I have no relationship with anyone
in my family other than a second cousin in New Jersey, who is like a
sister to me. The less said about my “family” the better, since they are
not good people. I’ve never been married (came close about 10 times
over the years, but bit the bullet). My biggest regret in life is that I
never had children. If I could do it over again, I would definitely
have kids, but no more than two.
7)What
advice would you give someone (at any age) who wants to transition their
life towards a more healthy and fit lifestyle, but doesn’t know where
to start?
A:
Instead of diving in head first, first do some research so you have an
idea of what to set for your goals and how to attain them. Be careful
who you trust, since the world is full of liars and deceitful people,
and this is where having prior knowledge can save you a lot of grief,
since you will be able to discern facts from bullshit. Be very wary of
anything you see or read on the Internet, most of it is absolute
nonsense.
8)What is next for you in 2015/2016? What are your future plans and goals? Any new projects you’re involved with?
A: I want to stay as healthy as I can, and start producing additional e-books. I have one now that I sell at jerrybrainum.com called
“Natural Anabolics,” which explains how to build muscle and lose excess
body fat without using any drugs. I keep open to any worthwhile new
opportunities for myself, but as I said earlier, I also am wary of those
who make false promises to the extent that I don’t believe anything
until it happens.
9)Any shout outs? Lastly, where are are the best places to find you on the internet?
A:
One of the best things that has happened lately is my newfound
friendship with Nelson Vergel. I read his book years ago, and often
check in on his web site. I think he does a wonderful job in educating
men about the nuances of testosterone replacement therapy, and offers a
ton of useful information designed to dispel all the myths and
misinformation about TRT. I have a Facebook page, and anyone can feel
free to send me a friend request. I just ask that they understand that
my purpose of being on Facebook is not to answer dozens of unsolicited
questions. I just have no time for that, and what little time I do have
to respond to questions I prefer to deal only with subscribers to my Applied Metabolics newsletter, since I appreciate their support of my efforts.
Sign up for Jerry Brainum’s newsletter Applied Metabolics:
It’s only $10/month and packed with relevant and recent data which will improve your health and fitness regardless of your age.
Be the BEST YOU EVER!
Have you been ripped off by supplement makers whose products don’t work as advertised? Want to know the truth about them? Check out Jerry Brainum's book Natural Anabolics, available at JerryBrainum.com.
The Applied Ergogenics blog is a collection of articles written and published by Jerry Brainum over the past 20 years. These articles have appeared in Muscle and Fitness, Ironman, and other magazines. Many of the posts on the blog are original articles, having appeared here for the first time. For Jerry’s most recent articles, which are far more in depth than anything that appears on this blog site, please subscribe to his Applied Metabolics Newsletter, at www.appliedmetabolics.com. This newsletter, which is more correctly referred to as a monthly e-book, since its average length is 35 to 40 pages, contains the latest findings about nutrition, exercise science, fat-loss, anti-aging, ergogenic aids, food supplements, and other topics. For 33 cents a day you get the benefit of Jerry’s 53 years of writing and intense study of all matters pertaining to fitness,health, bodybuilding, and disease prevention.
See Jerry's book at http://www.jerrybrainum.com
Want more evidence-based information on exercise science, nutrition and food supplements, ergogenic aids, and anti-aging research? Check out Applied Metabolics Newsletter at www.appliedmetabolics.com
Please share this blog with your friends on facebook
Wednesday, August 26, 2015
Myostatin by Jerry Brainum Video
©,2015 Jerry Brainum. Any reprinting in any type of media, including electronic and foreign is expressly prohibited
Have you been ripped off by supplement makers whose products don’t work as advertised? Want to know the truth about them? Check out Jerry Brainum's book Natural Anabolics, available at JerryBrainum.com.
The Applied Ergogenics blog is a collection of articles written and published by Jerry Brainum over the past 20 years. These articles have appeared in Muscle and Fitness, Ironman, and other magazines. Many of the posts on the blog are original articles, having appeared here for the first time. For Jerry’s most recent articles, which are far more in depth than anything that appears on this blog site, please subscribe to his Applied Metabolics Newsletter, at www.appliedmetabolics.com. This newsletter, which is more correctly referred to as a monthly e-book, since its average length is 35 to 40 pages, contains the latest findings about nutrition, exercise science, fat-loss, anti-aging, ergogenic aids, food supplements, and other topics. For 33 cents a day you get the benefit of Jerry’s 53 years of writing and intense study of all matters pertaining to fitness,health, bodybuilding, and disease prevention.
See Jerry's book at http://www.jerrybrainum.com
Want more evidence-based information on exercise science, nutrition and food supplements, ergogenic aids, and anti-aging research? Check out Applied Metabolics Newsletter at www.appliedmetabolics.com
Please share this blog with your friends on facebook
Tuesday, August 25, 2015
A Rare Editorial by Jerry Brainum
Regular readers of Applied Metabolics
know that I'm not big on writing editorials. The main reason for editorials
in publications such as magazines and newspapers, is to allow the editor to
express his or her opinions separate from the articles in the publication. In
other cases, an editorial offers a brief synopsis of what's in the current
issue. Frankly, I think that in most cases, editorials are just wasted space and
add nothing of value to any publication. I admit to having never read even a
single editorial in most of the publications that I've written for over the
years. As I said, on those rare occasions when I did read an editorial, it
invariably turned out to be a waste of time. So with that in mind, you might be
wondering why I'm writing this editorial. I think the only rational reason to
write an editorial is if you have something important to say, or if you want to
mark a certain occasion. The latter is the reason I'm writing this, since this
September issue of Applied Metabolics marks the one year point of the
publication's existence.
It's been over a year since I've last written for any magazines. Leaving the magazine world was something I should have done years earlier than when I did. The magazines began a gradual decline with the advent of the economic downturn of 2008. Shortly after that, advertisers, which are the life blood of magazines, began abandoning magazines en masse, which led to greatly reduced budgets for all of the magazines. Some simply went out of business in a style reminiscent of bookstores that were destroyed by the rise of online behemoth sellers, such as Amazon.com. They simply couldn't compete with Amazon, so they closed their doors permanently. The bodybuilding magazines tightened their budgets to the extent that they paid freelance writers little or nothing. The staff writers had little choice other than to also accept considerable pay cuts, but at least they, unlike the freelancers, were still getting benefits and a livable income. So it came to pass that the bulk of articles written for the magazines were submitted by amateurs with little or no knowledge or writing ability. This stark lack of quality was reflected in the magazine content, which grew more dismal with every issue. The magazines became, in effect, merely sales catalogs that highlighted the few advertisers they could still muster.
Since the majority of these advertisers were sports supplements purveyors, the articles reflected this, often extolling the virtues of supplements that were worthless--but were sold by advertisers in the magazine. The purchase of magazines continues to drop, as more enlightened readers realize that they are buying what amounts to pages of mostly advertisements for supplements.
While the Internet has the potential to be a great source of information regarding nutrition and exercise, it is sadly disappointing in this regard. While you can still find some gems among the heap of garbage and misinformation that makes up the majority of blogs and web sites, such reliable information is rare and difficult to find. Anyone can write anything on the Internet, so there is no control of content or accuracy of information offered.
This sad state of current information was a primary motivation for my resurrecting Applied Metabolics newsletter, which was originally a print publication in the late 90s. I felt that there were many people out there like myself who wanted all the details about exercise, nutrition, anti-aging, supplements and other topics in a clear, evidence-based manner with no bullshit or lies. I continue to work towards this goal, and I believe that the content of Applied Metabolics cannot be matched by any other publication. I've seen many of them over the last year, and they pale in comparison to the extent of information offered in Applied Metabolics. Another reason that what I offer cannot be duplicated is that few if any others in this business can match my years of experience and study, which amounts to over half a century. I offer little tricks in Applied Metabolics that I've learned empirically throughout the past 53 years. This is one of the primary advantages of reading Applied Metabolics: After reading any article in this publication, you will know all there is to know about it.
So, this is a long-winded way of thanking you, the readers, for your continued support. I have some fantastic material coming up that includes in no particular order:
Vegetarianism and muscle: Can you build muscle
and strength while being a vegetarian?
The mysteries of the Microbiome: The bacteria
that reside within our bodies can among other things, control uptake of
nutrients,affect body fat levels, and help prevent chronic disease. Also, 99% of
our immune response depends on activity of the microbiome. I will discuss how to
keep it healthy and efficient.
Citrulline- A remarkable amino acid that can
boost nitric oxide, and affect protein synthesis. How to get the most benefits
from it.
Beets and nitric oxide- I will report many
facts about the beets/vegetable NO pathway and how they affect exercise and
health that have not been previously written about anywhere.
How to use exercise for extreme weight
loss.
Vitamin D: the muscle and mind
connection
New research about vitamin C and how it affects
your health
Brown adipose tissue- How it may be the future
method to control obesity and lose body fat, how to activate it without
drugs.
Slowing the aging process: what works
now.
The whey-acne connection
How anabolic steroids really affect the
brain
Women and testosterone
Is Phosphatidic acid really anabolic?
How to use carbohydrates effectively to boost
training energy and muscle growth
Why dieting can make you fatter
Can you be fat, but fit
Intermittent fasting: What they don't tell you, the truth
Conjugated linoleic acid: Does it help you lose body fat and improve health?
A Nutritional, side-effect free cure for migraine headaches
Betaine: an overlooked supplement that can offer amazing effects
It's been over a year since I've last written for any magazines. Leaving the magazine world was something I should have done years earlier than when I did. The magazines began a gradual decline with the advent of the economic downturn of 2008. Shortly after that, advertisers, which are the life blood of magazines, began abandoning magazines en masse, which led to greatly reduced budgets for all of the magazines. Some simply went out of business in a style reminiscent of bookstores that were destroyed by the rise of online behemoth sellers, such as Amazon.com. They simply couldn't compete with Amazon, so they closed their doors permanently. The bodybuilding magazines tightened their budgets to the extent that they paid freelance writers little or nothing. The staff writers had little choice other than to also accept considerable pay cuts, but at least they, unlike the freelancers, were still getting benefits and a livable income. So it came to pass that the bulk of articles written for the magazines were submitted by amateurs with little or no knowledge or writing ability. This stark lack of quality was reflected in the magazine content, which grew more dismal with every issue. The magazines became, in effect, merely sales catalogs that highlighted the few advertisers they could still muster.
Since the majority of these advertisers were sports supplements purveyors, the articles reflected this, often extolling the virtues of supplements that were worthless--but were sold by advertisers in the magazine. The purchase of magazines continues to drop, as more enlightened readers realize that they are buying what amounts to pages of mostly advertisements for supplements.
While the Internet has the potential to be a great source of information regarding nutrition and exercise, it is sadly disappointing in this regard. While you can still find some gems among the heap of garbage and misinformation that makes up the majority of blogs and web sites, such reliable information is rare and difficult to find. Anyone can write anything on the Internet, so there is no control of content or accuracy of information offered.
This sad state of current information was a primary motivation for my resurrecting Applied Metabolics newsletter, which was originally a print publication in the late 90s. I felt that there were many people out there like myself who wanted all the details about exercise, nutrition, anti-aging, supplements and other topics in a clear, evidence-based manner with no bullshit or lies. I continue to work towards this goal, and I believe that the content of Applied Metabolics cannot be matched by any other publication. I've seen many of them over the last year, and they pale in comparison to the extent of information offered in Applied Metabolics. Another reason that what I offer cannot be duplicated is that few if any others in this business can match my years of experience and study, which amounts to over half a century. I offer little tricks in Applied Metabolics that I've learned empirically throughout the past 53 years. This is one of the primary advantages of reading Applied Metabolics: After reading any article in this publication, you will know all there is to know about it.
So, this is a long-winded way of thanking you, the readers, for your continued support. I have some fantastic material coming up that includes in no particular order:
The Applied Ergogenics blog is a collection of articles written and published by Jerry Brainum over the past 20 years. These articles have appeared in Muscle and Fitness, Ironman, and other magazines. Many of the posts on the blog are original articles, having appeared here for the first time. For Jerry’s most recent articles, which are far more in depth than anything that appears on this blog site, please subscribe to his Applied Metabolics Newsletter, at www.appliedmetabolics.com. This newsletter, which is more correctly referred to as a monthly e-book, since its average length is 35 to 40 pages, contains the latest findings about nutrition, exercise science, fat-loss, anti-aging, ergogenic aids, food supplements, and other topics. For 33 cents a day you get the benefit of Jerry’s 53 years of writing and intense study of all matters pertaining to fitness,health, bodybuilding, and disease prevention.
Wednesday, August 12, 2015
Testosterone and Cholesterol by Jerry Brainum
Of all the side effects associated with high-dose anabolic steroid
use, the most immediately dangerous is the way they affect the
cardiovascular system. Although a direct cause-and-effect relationship
has never been established between steroid use and cardiovascular
disease, many cases published in the
medical literature point an accusatory finger at injudicious steroid use as being the primary cause of death from CVD. I’ve discussed in past columns how steroids can harm the cardiovascular system, but here’s a brief summary of a few of the mechanisms.
Taking steroids can lead to an enlarged heart that goes beyond that induced by exercise alone. That can set you up for future heart failure. Steroids can also damage the cells of the heart muscle, which, in turn, can put you at risk for a fatal electrical disturbance in heart rhythm known as an “arrhythmia.” Steroids are linked to higher blood pressure, which is the primary risk factor for strokes. The immediate cause of most heart attacks is an internal clot that obstructs a coronary artery. Steroids come into play because they promote internal clotting. Using steroids tends to thicken the blood due to overproduction of red blood cells, a condition known as polycythemia. Having too thick blood not only makes it harder to breathe but also boosts a person’s chances of having a stroke.
Steroids cause damage to the endothelium, which is the lining of blood vessels, decreasing how fast the blood vessels can dilate. Finally, steroid use may increase homocysteine, a metabolite of the amino acid methionine that is associated with damage to the endothelium.
Many of the negative effects are due to long-term use of steroids. The structural damage to heart cells comes under that heading. Steroids can also cause some rapid side effects, especially if taken in large amounts or in combination with other steroids in a cycle. Changes in blood-lipid profiles are a primary example.
Oral steroids potently affect an enzyme in the liver that degrades high-density lipoprotein, which is considered protective against cardiovascular disease. HDL ferries cholesterol from the blood back to the liver, where it’s degraded into bile. That’s the only way the body can rid itself of excess cholesterol, since cholesterol cannot be oxidized like fat. Steroids also boost low-density lipoprotein, the major cholesterol carrier in the blood, and having higher LDL is considered to be a major cause of atherosclerosis, especially when the LDL is oxidized.
Injectable steroids, in contrast to oral versions, are considered to be more benign in their effects on blood lipids, mainly because the injectables are not immediately metabolized in the liver, as the orals are. One study, for example, compared the effects of taking only six milligrams a day of Winstrol, a popular oral steroid, with 200 milligrams of testosterone enanthate, an injectable steroid. While the Winstrol was taken daily, the testosterone was injected once a week. After six weeks the Winstrol lowered beneficial HDL-2 by 71 percent. Those taking the injection showed lower levels of another subfraction, HDL-3, by only 9 percent. LDL rose by 29 percent with Winstrol but dropped 16 percent with the testosterone injection.
On the other hand, a recently published study suggests that the effect of only a single injection of testosterone on cholesterol is far more potent than was previously believed.1 To understand how that is possible, you need to know how cholesterol is produced. Cholesterol is produced in the liver. The rate-limiting enzyme for cholesterol synthesis, meaning the enzyme that determines how much and how fast cholesterol is produced, is HMG-COa reductase—HMG.
This is the enzyme that is inhibited by statin drugs, which are the primary drugs prescribed to treat cardiovascular disease. Statins effectively lower elevated blood cholesterol by inhibiting the activity of HMG. The body, however, has its own feedback mechanism, in that large amounts of LDL turn off the gene that produces HMG, which turns off cholesterol synthesis in the liver. The process depends on the activity of LDL cell receptors, which are involved in cell uptake of cholesterol. The more active the receptors are, the less cholesterol circulates in the blood. Once in the cell, cholesterol is used as a starting substance for a variety of vital functions in the body, including the stabilization of cell membranes and production of steroid-based hormones like testosterone, estrogen, cortisol and activated vitamin D.
In the new study 39 healthy volunteers, aged 18 to 50, got a 500-milligram injection of testosterone enanthate, which is equivalent to 360 milligrams of testosterone (that is, without the enanthate). This dose is considerably higher than what’s prescribed for the treatment of low testosterone. Although testosterone injections are rarely used to treat age-associated low T, when they are, the usual dose is about 100 milligrams, once a week. Doctors favor other forms of therapy because injections tend to peak after two days, then gradually decline. Using other forms of testosterone, such as creams, produces a lower level of in the blood but a more steady release of it.
The researchers measured the subjects’ total blood cholesterol at the start of the study to determine baseline values. Just two days after being injected with testosterone, the men’s blood cholesterol levels rose an average of 15 percent. After 15 days they dropped back to baseline. The researchers found that in 80 percent of the men the gene that controls the production of HMG in the liver increased by 80 percent within two days of their getting the testosterone injection, thus accounting for the rapid rise in blood cholesterol. There was no effect on liver function, as shown by no elevation in liver enzymes, so the effect was solely due to the testosterone-induced simulation of the gene for HMG in the liver.
To ensure that the effect was from the injection, the authors exposed isolated liver cells to an amount of testosterone equal to what the men in the study got. They observed that the testosterone did, in fact, promote increased activity of the HMG process in the liver cells. The higher cholesterol returned to baseline 15 days after the injection because of the body’s built-in feedback mechanism, whereby cholesterol controls its own synthesis by shutting that whole thing down. That is, higher blood cholesterol leads to a shutdown of liver cholesterol production as the gene for HMG is turned off.
There are a few factors to consider with this study. For one, as noted, unlike oral steroids, injected testosterone does not ordinarily lead to bad effects on blood lipids. If anything, dangerous LDL levels are reduced with testosterone injections, while HDL levels are barely affected. Why the difference between oral and injectable steroids? One reason is that the orals potently boost the activity of the liver enzyme that degrades HDL, with 143 to 232 percent greater activity of the enzyme. Injectables don’t do that. Another difference is that some of the injectable testosterone is converted into estrogen through the activity of the enzyme aromatase, which is found all over the body.
Since many bodybuilders who use steroids are concerned about aromatase converting them into estrogen, they use other drugs, such as Arimidex, to block the aromatase. They do it to prevent various estrogen-related side effects, such as gynecomastia and water retention. The question is how that affects the protective cardiovascular benefits offered by estrogen. In one study, subjects were given a 280-milligram injection of enanthate per week. Other subjects got the same injection but also used an aromatase-inhibiting drug called testolactone. The third group in the study took the oral steroid methyltestosterone, at a dose of 20 milligrams a day. The study lasted for 12 weeks, and the researchers noted only small changes in the HDL levels in those who got only the testosterone injections. After four weeks, however, those who got the testosterone as well as the aromatase-blocking drug showed an average 25 percent drop in HDL. Those who took the oral steroid fared even worse, showing a 35 percent drop in HDL after a month.
The point here is that although the 500-milligram testosterone injection used in the study did cause a rapid rise in blood cholesterol after only two days, an injection that big would likely result in considerable conversion of the testosterone to estrogen by way of aromatase. The increased estrogen, in turn, would boost protective HDL, thus neutralizing most of the bad effects of the higher cholesterol levels induced by the injection. Of course, if a drug is also used that blocks aromatase, the protective effect is lost. Interestingly, another drug used to control estrogen, tamoxifen citrate—trade name Nolvadex—works not by inhibiting aromatase but rather by competitively interfering with estrogen binding to cell receptors. As such, using Nolvadex to control estrogen would not have as bad an effect on lipids as the aromatase-blocking drugs.
The final point to consider about this study is that the dose of testosterone used, 500 milligrams, is about five times greater than any dose used to treat low testosterone in men. The medical dose not only doesn’t cause problems with blood lipids but even reduces dangerous LDL levels. So the results of this study don’t pertain to those who are on any type of medically supervised testosterone therapy.
Editor’s note: Jerry Brainum has been an exercise and nutrition researcher and journalist for more than 35 years. He’s worked with pro bodybuilders as well as many Olympic and professional athletes. To get his new e-book, Natural Anabolics—Nutrients, Compounds and Supplements That Can Accelerate Muscle Growth Without Drugs, visit www.JerryBrainum.com. IM
1 Garevik, N., et al. (2012). Single-dose testosterone increases total cholesterol levels and induces the expression of HMG CoA reductase. Sub Abuse Treat, Prevent, and Policy. 7:12
©,2015 Jerry Brainum. Any reprinting in any type of media, including electronic and foreign is expressly prohibited
medical literature point an accusatory finger at injudicious steroid use as being the primary cause of death from CVD. I’ve discussed in past columns how steroids can harm the cardiovascular system, but here’s a brief summary of a few of the mechanisms.
Taking steroids can lead to an enlarged heart that goes beyond that induced by exercise alone. That can set you up for future heart failure. Steroids can also damage the cells of the heart muscle, which, in turn, can put you at risk for a fatal electrical disturbance in heart rhythm known as an “arrhythmia.” Steroids are linked to higher blood pressure, which is the primary risk factor for strokes. The immediate cause of most heart attacks is an internal clot that obstructs a coronary artery. Steroids come into play because they promote internal clotting. Using steroids tends to thicken the blood due to overproduction of red blood cells, a condition known as polycythemia. Having too thick blood not only makes it harder to breathe but also boosts a person’s chances of having a stroke.
Steroids cause damage to the endothelium, which is the lining of blood vessels, decreasing how fast the blood vessels can dilate. Finally, steroid use may increase homocysteine, a metabolite of the amino acid methionine that is associated with damage to the endothelium.
Many of the negative effects are due to long-term use of steroids. The structural damage to heart cells comes under that heading. Steroids can also cause some rapid side effects, especially if taken in large amounts or in combination with other steroids in a cycle. Changes in blood-lipid profiles are a primary example.
Oral steroids potently affect an enzyme in the liver that degrades high-density lipoprotein, which is considered protective against cardiovascular disease. HDL ferries cholesterol from the blood back to the liver, where it’s degraded into bile. That’s the only way the body can rid itself of excess cholesterol, since cholesterol cannot be oxidized like fat. Steroids also boost low-density lipoprotein, the major cholesterol carrier in the blood, and having higher LDL is considered to be a major cause of atherosclerosis, especially when the LDL is oxidized.
Injectable steroids, in contrast to oral versions, are considered to be more benign in their effects on blood lipids, mainly because the injectables are not immediately metabolized in the liver, as the orals are. One study, for example, compared the effects of taking only six milligrams a day of Winstrol, a popular oral steroid, with 200 milligrams of testosterone enanthate, an injectable steroid. While the Winstrol was taken daily, the testosterone was injected once a week. After six weeks the Winstrol lowered beneficial HDL-2 by 71 percent. Those taking the injection showed lower levels of another subfraction, HDL-3, by only 9 percent. LDL rose by 29 percent with Winstrol but dropped 16 percent with the testosterone injection.
On the other hand, a recently published study suggests that the effect of only a single injection of testosterone on cholesterol is far more potent than was previously believed.1 To understand how that is possible, you need to know how cholesterol is produced. Cholesterol is produced in the liver. The rate-limiting enzyme for cholesterol synthesis, meaning the enzyme that determines how much and how fast cholesterol is produced, is HMG-COa reductase—HMG.
This is the enzyme that is inhibited by statin drugs, which are the primary drugs prescribed to treat cardiovascular disease. Statins effectively lower elevated blood cholesterol by inhibiting the activity of HMG. The body, however, has its own feedback mechanism, in that large amounts of LDL turn off the gene that produces HMG, which turns off cholesterol synthesis in the liver. The process depends on the activity of LDL cell receptors, which are involved in cell uptake of cholesterol. The more active the receptors are, the less cholesterol circulates in the blood. Once in the cell, cholesterol is used as a starting substance for a variety of vital functions in the body, including the stabilization of cell membranes and production of steroid-based hormones like testosterone, estrogen, cortisol and activated vitamin D.
In the new study 39 healthy volunteers, aged 18 to 50, got a 500-milligram injection of testosterone enanthate, which is equivalent to 360 milligrams of testosterone (that is, without the enanthate). This dose is considerably higher than what’s prescribed for the treatment of low testosterone. Although testosterone injections are rarely used to treat age-associated low T, when they are, the usual dose is about 100 milligrams, once a week. Doctors favor other forms of therapy because injections tend to peak after two days, then gradually decline. Using other forms of testosterone, such as creams, produces a lower level of in the blood but a more steady release of it.
The researchers measured the subjects’ total blood cholesterol at the start of the study to determine baseline values. Just two days after being injected with testosterone, the men’s blood cholesterol levels rose an average of 15 percent. After 15 days they dropped back to baseline. The researchers found that in 80 percent of the men the gene that controls the production of HMG in the liver increased by 80 percent within two days of their getting the testosterone injection, thus accounting for the rapid rise in blood cholesterol. There was no effect on liver function, as shown by no elevation in liver enzymes, so the effect was solely due to the testosterone-induced simulation of the gene for HMG in the liver.
To ensure that the effect was from the injection, the authors exposed isolated liver cells to an amount of testosterone equal to what the men in the study got. They observed that the testosterone did, in fact, promote increased activity of the HMG process in the liver cells. The higher cholesterol returned to baseline 15 days after the injection because of the body’s built-in feedback mechanism, whereby cholesterol controls its own synthesis by shutting that whole thing down. That is, higher blood cholesterol leads to a shutdown of liver cholesterol production as the gene for HMG is turned off.
There are a few factors to consider with this study. For one, as noted, unlike oral steroids, injected testosterone does not ordinarily lead to bad effects on blood lipids. If anything, dangerous LDL levels are reduced with testosterone injections, while HDL levels are barely affected. Why the difference between oral and injectable steroids? One reason is that the orals potently boost the activity of the liver enzyme that degrades HDL, with 143 to 232 percent greater activity of the enzyme. Injectables don’t do that. Another difference is that some of the injectable testosterone is converted into estrogen through the activity of the enzyme aromatase, which is found all over the body.
Since many bodybuilders who use steroids are concerned about aromatase converting them into estrogen, they use other drugs, such as Arimidex, to block the aromatase. They do it to prevent various estrogen-related side effects, such as gynecomastia and water retention. The question is how that affects the protective cardiovascular benefits offered by estrogen. In one study, subjects were given a 280-milligram injection of enanthate per week. Other subjects got the same injection but also used an aromatase-inhibiting drug called testolactone. The third group in the study took the oral steroid methyltestosterone, at a dose of 20 milligrams a day. The study lasted for 12 weeks, and the researchers noted only small changes in the HDL levels in those who got only the testosterone injections. After four weeks, however, those who got the testosterone as well as the aromatase-blocking drug showed an average 25 percent drop in HDL. Those who took the oral steroid fared even worse, showing a 35 percent drop in HDL after a month.
The point here is that although the 500-milligram testosterone injection used in the study did cause a rapid rise in blood cholesterol after only two days, an injection that big would likely result in considerable conversion of the testosterone to estrogen by way of aromatase. The increased estrogen, in turn, would boost protective HDL, thus neutralizing most of the bad effects of the higher cholesterol levels induced by the injection. Of course, if a drug is also used that blocks aromatase, the protective effect is lost. Interestingly, another drug used to control estrogen, tamoxifen citrate—trade name Nolvadex—works not by inhibiting aromatase but rather by competitively interfering with estrogen binding to cell receptors. As such, using Nolvadex to control estrogen would not have as bad an effect on lipids as the aromatase-blocking drugs.
The final point to consider about this study is that the dose of testosterone used, 500 milligrams, is about five times greater than any dose used to treat low testosterone in men. The medical dose not only doesn’t cause problems with blood lipids but even reduces dangerous LDL levels. So the results of this study don’t pertain to those who are on any type of medically supervised testosterone therapy.
Editor’s note: Jerry Brainum has been an exercise and nutrition researcher and journalist for more than 35 years. He’s worked with pro bodybuilders as well as many Olympic and professional athletes. To get his new e-book, Natural Anabolics—Nutrients, Compounds and Supplements That Can Accelerate Muscle Growth Without Drugs, visit www.JerryBrainum.com. IM
1 Garevik, N., et al. (2012). Single-dose testosterone increases total cholesterol levels and induces the expression of HMG CoA reductase. Sub Abuse Treat, Prevent, and Policy. 7:12
©,2015 Jerry Brainum. Any reprinting in any type of media, including electronic and foreign is expressly prohibited
Have you been ripped off by supplement makers whose products don’t work as advertised? Want to know the truth about them? Check out Jerry Brainum's book Natural Anabolics, available at JerryBrainum.com.
The Applied Ergogenics blog is a collection of articles written and published by Jerry Brainum over the past 20 years. These articles have appeared in Muscle and Fitness, Ironman, and other magazines. Many of the posts on the blog are original articles, having appeared here for the first time. For Jerry’s most recent articles, which are far more in depth than anything that appears on this blog site, please subscribe to his Applied Metabolics Newsletter, at www.appliedmetabolics.com. This newsletter, which is more correctly referred to as a monthly e-book, since its average length is 35 to 40 pages, contains the latest findings about nutrition, exercise science, fat-loss, anti-aging, ergogenic aids, food supplements, and other topics. For 33 cents a day you get the benefit of Jerry’s 53 years of writing and intense study of all matters pertaining to fitness,health, bodybuilding, and disease prevention.
See Jerry's book at http://www.jerrybrainum.com
Want more evidence-based information on exercise science, nutrition and food supplements, ergogenic aids, and anti-aging research? Check out Applied Metabolics Newsletter at www.appliedmetabolics.com
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Sunday, August 2, 2015
BOOKS by ROBBY ROBINSON by Jerry Brainum
Please check out Robby Robinson's books and online store at...http://robbyrobinson.net/books.php
To
learn what it takes to be a great and enduring champion, everything should read
Robby's book, "The Black Prince: My life in Bodybuilding." Although I've known
Robby for over 40
years, reading this book taught me things that I never knew about Robby's
struggles to reach the top in bodybuilding and all the challenges he had to face
and overcome over the years. It's inspiring reading for
sure! Jerry Brainum
****
This book is a chronicle of Robby Robinson’s exceptional life and the
journey upon which it has taken him. You can glimpse his spirituality
and his soul in the stands and positions that he takes.
The history is, in some ways, well known. He was and is a superstar bodybuilder; one of the most successful professional bodybuilders ever to take the stage. He won an IFBB Mr. America in 1975, drug-free, with a 29” waist and 20” biceps. His illustrious career included numerous World and Universe titles, Pro victories and culminated in a number of Masters IFBB Mr. Olympia titles 1994 - 2001.
And yet an even richer history lies in the background. A childhood in the Tallahassee woods, an extraordinarily different home life and the experience of racial prejudice in the southern states in a less enlightened era. His formative history made him a man of remarkable resolve.
His gift to us? Robby Robinson, enigma though he may be, is what bodybuilding always has been about, what it should be about, and hopefully, what it may become again.
The history is, in some ways, well known. He was and is a superstar bodybuilder; one of the most successful professional bodybuilders ever to take the stage. He won an IFBB Mr. America in 1975, drug-free, with a 29” waist and 20” biceps. His illustrious career included numerous World and Universe titles, Pro victories and culminated in a number of Masters IFBB Mr. Olympia titles 1994 - 2001.
And yet an even richer history lies in the background. A childhood in the Tallahassee woods, an extraordinarily different home life and the experience of racial prejudice in the southern states in a less enlightened era. His formative history made him a man of remarkable resolve.
His gift to us? Robby Robinson, enigma though he may be, is what bodybuilding always has been about, what it should be about, and hopefully, what it may become again.
Paul Gibney, Ph. D. / Brisbane, Australia
****
As always with memoir, it's a question of, is this person’s life worth writing about?
In Robby’s case, the answer is, unequivocally, yes!
His experiences are unique. No one else lived this story.
I think this is precisely the right book Robby should have written. It’s as if he’s distilled every question that he’s been asked through the years, about his training, his life, and organized it perfectly in 200 pages.
I learned a lot about the sport and all of the anecdotes, stories from his life are fascinating. The combination of teaching, tell-all and voice (his sense of determination and bravado are pitch-perfect: exactly right for the sport) make this a great read.
I think this is precisely the right book Robby should have written. It’s as if he’s distilled every question that he’s been asked through the years, about his training, his life, and organized it perfectly in 200 pages.
I learned a lot about the sport and all of the anecdotes, stories from his life are fascinating. The combination of teaching, tell-all and voice (his sense of determination and bravado are pitch-perfect: exactly right for the sport) make this a great read.
Linda Davis, writer and editor
****
If you want to experience PERSONALLY the ultimate bodybuildinding
lifestyle and one-on-one personal training intensive with the legendary Black Prince of Bodybuilding - Robby Robinson in Venice, Los Angeles California, consider Robby's
MASTER CLASS SERIES !
If you are interested in SINGLE TRAINING SESSIONS or custom TRAINING, NUTRITION and SUPPLEMENTATION PLANS, send Robby your request at info@robbyrobinson.net or use our CONTACT FORM.
If you can't make it to Venice - Los Angeles, California but wish a personal consultation with the master of the iron game, consider Robby's CONSULTATION SERVICES - online or via phone/ Skype
To read more about old school bodybuilding and to learn all the secrets from the true legend of the game, be sure to also pick up your copy of the BLACK PRINCE BOOK !
Take a look at various MOTIVATIONAL and SUPPORTING TOOLS that Robby offeres to inspire your training sessions and to aid you in your quest to make important lifestyle changes and to get into the best shape of your life: BOOKS, DVDs, POSTERS, PHOTOS, T-SHIRTS and SUPPLEMENTS.
If you are interested in SINGLE TRAINING SESSIONS or custom TRAINING, NUTRITION and SUPPLEMENTATION PLANS, send Robby your request at info@robbyrobinson.net or use our CONTACT FORM.
If you can't make it to Venice - Los Angeles, California but wish a personal consultation with the master of the iron game, consider Robby's CONSULTATION SERVICES - online or via phone/ Skype
To read more about old school bodybuilding and to learn all the secrets from the true legend of the game, be sure to also pick up your copy of the BLACK PRINCE BOOK !
Take a look at various MOTIVATIONAL and SUPPORTING TOOLS that Robby offeres to inspire your training sessions and to aid you in your quest to make important lifestyle changes and to get into the best shape of your life: BOOKS, DVDs, POSTERS, PHOTOS, T-SHIRTS and SUPPLEMENTS.
****
I LOVE TO HELP OTHERS.
SHARING IS EMPOWERING.
YOUR SUPPORT IS GREATLY APPRECIATED.
- Robby Robinson
****
Have you been ripped off by supplement makers whose products don’t work as advertised? Want to know the truth about them? Check out Jerry Brainum's book Natural Anabolics, available at JerryBrainum.com.
The Applied Ergogenics blog is a collection of articles written and published by Jerry Brainum over the past 20 years. These articles have appeared in Muscle and Fitness, Ironman, and other magazines. Many of the posts on the blog are original articles, having appeared here for the first time. For Jerry’s most recent articles, which are far more in depth than anything that appears on this blog site, please subscribe to his Applied Metabolics Newsletter, at www.appliedmetabolics.com. This newsletter, which is more correctly referred to as a monthly e-book, since its average length is 35 to 40 pages, contains the latest findings about nutrition, exercise science, fat-loss, anti-aging, ergogenic aids, food supplements, and other topics. For 33 cents a day you get the benefit of Jerry’s 53 years of writing and intense study of all matters pertaining to fitness,health, bodybuilding, and disease prevention.
See Jerry's book at http://www.jerrybrainum.com
Want more evidence-based information on exercise science, nutrition and food supplements, ergogenic aids, and anti-aging research? Check out Applied Metabolics Newsletter at www.appliedmetabolics.com
Labels:
jerry brainum,
master class,
robby robbinson,
the black prince
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